PERBANDINGAN METODE LATIHAN PERIODISASI LINEAR DAN NON-LINEAR PADA PERFORMA RENANG GAYA BEBAS
Abstract
Periodisasi latihan merupakan aspek fundamental dalam pengembangan performa atletik, khususnya dalam olahraga renang. Metode periodisasi linear dan non-linear memiliki karakteristik berbeda dalam mengatur intensitas dan volume latihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas metode latihan periodisasi linear dan non-linear terhadap peningkatan performa renang gaya bebas pada atlet remaja. Penelitian eksperimen dengan desain randomized controlled trial melibatkan 30 atlet renang gaya bebas berusia 16-18 tahun. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok: kelompok periodisasi linear (n=15) dan kelompok periodisasi non-linear (n=15). Program latihan dilaksanakan selama 12 minggu dengan frekuensi 5 kali per minggu. Parameter yang diukur meliputi waktu tempuh 50m dan 100m gaya bebas, VO₂max, dan kekuatan otot. Kelompok periodisasi non-linear menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada waktu tempuh 50m (7,8% vs 5,2%, p<0,05) dan 100m (6,9% vs 4,7%, p<0,05) dibandingkan kelompok periodisasi linear. VO₂max meningkat 12,3% pada kelompok non-linear dan 8,9% pada kelompok linear (p<0,05). Metode periodisasi non-linear lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan performa renang gaya bebas dibandingkan periodisasi linear, terutama dalam aspek kecepatan dan daya tahan aerobik.
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